Generic technologies In addition to the technology development activities specific to both ExoMars and MSR, several developments relate to Mars exploration in general. Activities have therefore been initiated, and are planned, to deal with more general technology requirements of robotic missions and also technology developments in preparation for possible future human activity.   These activities cover a wide range of fields from future power systems to dealing with the Mars environment, and from advanced propulsion concepts to life support and habitation. Of course many generic technology developments may find applications in ExoMars or MSR, or both.     Click on one of the fields in the left hand menu to find out about these generic technology development activities.       Last update: 7 September 2005