ESA title
Agency

The 1990s

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ESA / About Us / ECSL - European Centre for Space Law

1990

The launch of the Hubble Space Telescope (April 25)

Useful links

Hubble website

Spacetelescope (ESA)

1991

The collapse of the Soviet Union (December)

Books

A. BROWN
“The Gorbachev Factor”
Oxford University press, 1996.

R. D. ENGLISH
“Russia and the Idea of the West: Gorbachev, Intellectuals and the End of the Cold War”
Columbia University Press, 2000.

S. KOTKIN
“Armageddon Averted: The Soviet Collapse, 1970-2000”
Oxford University Press, 2008.

J. F. MATLOCK Jr.
“Autopsy on an Empire: The American Ambassador's Account of the Collapse of the Soviet Union”
Random House, 1995.

Articles

A. BROWN
“Reform, Coup and Collapse: The End of the Soviet State”
On BBC website.

M. Y. MAROV
“The new challenge for space in Russia”
Space Policy, Volume 8, Issue 3, August 1992, pp. 269-279.

K. S. PETERSEN
“Is it time to create a world space agency?”
Space Policy, Volume 9, Issue 2, May 1993, pp. 89-94.

1993

Space debris accumulate: 1957-2000
Space debris accumulate: 1957-2000

The foundation of the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) and the first European conference on space debris (5-7 April)

Articles

H. A. BAKER
“The ESA and US reports on space debris: Platform for future policy initiative”
Space Policy, Volume 6, Issue 4, November 1990, pp. 332-340.

D. S. MCNIGHT
“Track two diplomacy: An international framework for controlling orbital debris”
Space Policy, Volume 7, Issue 1, February 1991, pp.13-22.

L. PEREK
“Space debris and the world community”
Space Policy, Volume 7, Issue 1, February 1991, pp. 9-12.

K.-U. SCHROGL
“Second European conference on space debris”
Space Policy, Volume 13, Issue 3, August 1997.

Books
W. FLURY (eds.)
“Proceedings of the First European Conference on Space Debris”
(ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany, 5-7 April 1993)
ESA, Paris, 1993.
B. KALDEICH-SCHURMANN, B. HARRIS (eds.)
“Proceeding of the Second European Conference on Space Debris”
(ESOC, Darmstadt, Germany, 17-19 March 1997)
ESA, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, 1997.
N. N. SMIRNOV
“Space Debris”
CRS Press, 2001.
Useful links
ESA press release on the first conference
ESA Space Debris website
ESA Space Debris website on the conference
IADC website
NASA Orbital Debris Programme Office
Orbital Debris Quarterly News (NASA)

1998

The International Space Station Intergovernmental Agreement (29 January) and the launch of the first module Zarya

Intergovernmental Agreement (IGA)

Documents

Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between NASA and ESA on cooperation in the design and development of the Space Station Freedom (29 September 1988)
MoU between ESA and NASA concerning cooperation on the Civil International Space Station (29 January 1998)
MoU between NASA and the Canadian Space Agency (CSA) (29 January 1998)
MoU between NASA and the Government of Japan (24 February 1998)
Mou between NASA and the Russian Space Agency (29 January 1998)
24 June 2010 Meeting Joint Statement of the International Space Station Multilateral Coordination Board

Books

J. E. CATCHPOLE
“The International Space Station: Building for the Future”
Springer, 2008.

F. von der DUNK, M. M. BRUS (eds.)
“The International Space Station”
Martinus Nijoff Publishers, Leiden-Boston, 2006.

D. M. HARLAND, J. E. CATCHPOLE
“Creating the International Space Station”
Springer, 2002.

H. STOEWER, P. M. BAINUM (eds.)
“From spacelab to space station”
Univelt, San Diego, CA, 1985.

Articles

P. P. CHANDLER II
“European response to the NASA space station initiative”
Space Policy, Volume 1, Issue 1, February 1985, pp. 7-9.

A. DUPAS
“Space cooperation – paving the way to the 21th century”
Space Policy, Volume 4, Issue 2, May 1988, pp. 95-96.

J. M. LOGSDON
“International involvement in the US space station program”
Space Policy, Volume 1, Issue 1, February 1985, pp. 12-25.

Useful links

ESA Columbus website

ESA International Space Station website

ESA website on the ISS

1999

UNISPACE III (19-30 July) and the Space Generation Forum

Documents
Report of the conference
The Space Millennium: Vienna Declaration on Space and Human Development
Articles
U. R. RAO
“The path toward UNISPACE III”
Talk delivered at the Fifty Second Session of the COPUOS, Vienna, 3 June 2009.
Useful links
Space Generation Advisory Council
United Nations Coordination of Outer Space Activities
UNISPACE III website

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