Since 1983 ESA astronauts have been taking part in numerous missions onboard the US space shuttle and the Russian MIR station, gaining a wealth of experience in many disciplines.
In 1998, the European Astronaut Centre was established in Germany to prepare European astronauts for missions to the International Space Station, ISS. Most have already flown on missions to the ISS, playing a vital role in the assembly and operation of key elements of the station.
They also carry out research in life sciences, human physiology and materials science in microgravity conditions, delivering results that cannot be achieved here on Earth. Such studies can help us in many areas on Earth, from understanding the causes of diseases or developing techniques for their prevention and treatment, to the introduction of new manufacturing processes.
In May 2009 six new astronauts were recruited to join the European Astronaut Corps to prepare for the next generation of human spaceflight and exploration. They will start training at the EAC in Cologne to prepare for future missions to the ISS, the Moon and beyond.
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