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XMM-Newton sees 'hot spots' on neutron stars   This is an X-ray image of the neutron star ‘Geminga’, as taken by XMM-Newton on 5 April 2002. It lies about 500 light-years away from Earth.  The left panel shows X-ray emitting regions from three neutron stars, ‘PSR B0656-14’, ‘PSR B1055-52’ and ‘Geminga’, nicknamed the ‘three musketeers’, as measured by ESA’s XMM-Newton, down to scale. While the majority of the neutron stars surfaces emit at temperatures between 500 000 and 700 000 degrees Celsius, smaller spots have significantly higher temperatures, well above one million degrees Celsius. The dimensions of the hot spots are different for the three stars.
The right panel shows how the emitting surface of each star varies while the star rotates (note that the hotter and the cooler surface are not drawn to scale). From the animation, the hot spots for PSR 1055 and Geminga disappear for a fraction of the star rotation, while for PSR 0656 the hot spot is always in sight. This offers a new clue to understanding neutron star geometry.  This is an X-ray image of the neutron star ‘PSR B0656-14’, as taken by XMM-Newton on 23 October 2001. It lies about 800 light-years away from Earth.  This is an X-ray image of the neutron star ‘PSR B1055-52’, as taken by XMM-Newton on 14 and 15 December 2000. It lies about 2000 light-years away from Earth. Release date: 28 September 2007 |