Ariadna is a mechanism originally created to stimulate research on enabling space research areas and on the development of new design methods. Subjects include theoretical physics, power systems, propulsion, trajectory design and optimisation, informatics and applied mathematics, biomimetics, and other subjects in which both space systems engineering competence and specific theoretical knowledge are required.

The main objective of Ariadna is to enhance cooperation and facilitate research partnerships with universities and academic research groups already involved in these areas. It is expected that this cooperation will also improve the awareness of the academic community of ESA activities and developments.

As part of Ariadna, ESA will carry out periodical and ad-hoc announcements of opportunity targeted to specific research communities. These are the Calls for Proposals and Calls for Ideas. Interested research groups will then be able to submit simplified proposals.

Though some universities that have already been working as part of an ESA contract might be familiar with ESA´s EMITS electronic tender system, many other are not. With this in mind, in the case Ariadna, registering In EMITS will not be required to access the Call announcements or to submit proposals. However, as opposed to the procedure followed in previous calls, registration will be required, as this will speed up the processing of proposals.

If your research group intends to submit a proposal, ideas or simply would like to be notified of periodic Calls or other ESA research opportunities, you can send a mail to act@esa.int

ESA is interacting with the academic world through a number of mechanisms and schemes, including research and hardware development contracts, direct support (e.g. the International Space University) and research fellowships. However, the need for a closer link between ESA and the academic world and an easier way to cooperate on advanced research topics was felt on both sides.

Preliminary discussions with representatives of the academic community indicated that there was a large interest in short, low-budget studies on innovative space subjects provided that time-consuming administrative hurdles were removed.

Focused consultation of the academic community on innovative concepts and studies is often required. Considering the particular constraints, needs and interests of this community, an effort has been made to establish a more adequate tool for interaction -tailored to deal with these peculiarities.

With Ariadna, an effort has been made to adapt the working procedures to the constraints of the academic world. For instance, the preparation an submission of good, valid study proposals should not require much time, and all the effort should be spent on making it technically and scientifically sound. This process should never become a heavy burden for the proposers, normally confronted with demanding research or academic obligations.

Ariadna also provides common goals for sets of activities giving their sequence consistency and continuity. This will be done by defining priorities i.e. lines of activity for advanced research, which will be periodically updated. The ACT will manage Ariadna and will become a permanent point of reference beyond the duration of a single contract.

Finally, active collaboration - rather than merely supervision - between ESA and the consultants throughout the study will be sought. Publications of the results in international journals or presentations at international conferences will also be particularly encouraged.

Ariadna will encompass two types of announcements or calls:

1. The Calls for Proposals consist of announcements of specific assessment studies, in which the topic of research and tasks to be performed have been previously defined by ESA's Advanced Concepts Team and relate to the team's basic research categories, and for which the need for a short, focused evaluation has been identified.
2. Where Calls for Proposals invite interested parties to submit study proposals on very specific topics and complying with a set of well defined tasks, these may be complemented by Calls for Ideas, where research groups are invited to submit ideas for their own proposals relating to a general theme, specified by the ACT. In this case, and after a preliminary selection has taken place researchers will be expected to work in collaboration with the other participants in the Call for Ideas contributing to a comprehensive, multidisciplinary review of the proposed theme.

Both Calls for Proposals and Calls for Ideas will be made public at http://www.esa.int/gsp/ACT/ariadna/OpenCalls.htm.

Those interested in replying to these announcements can send a mail to act@esa.int requesting to be notified automatically of any calls and other relevant information.

Periodicity of the announcements will be determined by ESA depending on the ACT's needs, though it is expected that the call will be carried out every six months. Ad-hoc announcements in between the periodic ones will also be considered, in case there is a need for them.

The subjects of the calls for proposals are decided by internal ESA experts (normally ACT members in consultation with other ESA groups) partly based on the perceived interest in the academic community but also -and very importantly- on the assessment of their potential benefits for space programmes and the degree of innovation of the proposed work. We normally favour areas that having this potential are not yet well established and that are rather specific to space-related research.

Researchers participating in the Ariadna scheme should be either full-time research staff, post-doc research fellows or PhD students in a university or academic research group. Study teams must be made up by a minimum of two researchers, and basic contact details should be provided for both when signing in with Ariadna. One of them should be a senior research fellow or professor, having at least five (and preferably more) years of post-doctoral research experience and a proven track record in a research field relevant to the study; this person will be the main responsible for the study. The other study member must be either a post-graduate doctoral student or a research fellow with up to five years experience of post-doctoral research. Both members should demonstrate evidence of scholarly publications relevant in some to the study. Other members may also be included in the study team, giving the possibility to Ph.D. students and post-graduates students to participate to Ariadna projects and to partnerships to be established between different research centers. These participants and their contribution to the study must be identified from the start.

Calls are restricted to universities and research groups within universities. All other entities (e.g. SME's) are not allowed to submit proposals, but can participate on a zero-cost basis.

Administrative procedures are made as simple and transparent as possible, also by considering a simplified, "predictable" type of contract. Three types of studies have been defined:

1. Short: study budget not exceeding 15 k€. Additional travel allowance (if applicable) covering 1 person travel expenses to the negotiation meeting at ESTEC. No mid-term review or final presentation on completion of the study is foreseen, only the submission of the study report.
2. Standard: study budget not exceeding 25 k€. Additional travel allowance (if applicable) covering 1 person travel expenses to the negotiation meeting and Final Presentation both at ESTEC. Progress Meeting will be at contractor premises and thus travel expenses will not be applicable.
3. Extended: maximum study budget of 35 k€. Additional travel allowance if applicable as in Standard studies.

These three simple modalities will enable easy replication of the procedures and the elaboration of standard study documentation templates, in the few cases where they will be needed (i.e. contact details of team members, travel allowance request). Other "traditional" sections that are mandatory in larger activities will not be required (work package descriptions, cost forms, etc)

In order to make it easy and quick to elaborate a good Ariadna proposal, these only will be required to contain the following sections:

• Abstract of study proposal
• Technical and scientific contents
• Key personnal description (CVs & list of publications)
• Travel and Subsistence Expenses

A proposal containing all the above sections will be acceptable by ESA. Other sections will not be necessary, however brief information on the background of the host institution and task descriptions can also be provided if deemed necessary by the proposers.

Further details on the required content of proposals will be published together with the Calls