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GTOP Database: Global Optimisation Trajectory Problems and Solutions

Problem "GTOC1" (MGA)

This is a generic trajectory of the type Earth-Venus-Earth-Venus-Earth-Jupiter- Saturn-TW229 based on the objective function proposed in GTOC1.

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  • MATLAB: use the function gtoc1.m and pass to it the MGAproblem variable contained in gtoc1.mat
  • C++: call the function double gtoc1(const std::vector & x, std::vector& rp) function provided in the GTOPtoolbox.
  • Short description

    This problem draws inspiration from the first edition of the Global Trajectory Optimisation Competition (GTOC1) It is an MGA problem with a rather long fly-by sequence including mainly Earth and Venus. The final target is the asteroid TW229. The objective of the mission is to maximise the change in sami-major axis of the asteroid orbit following an anaelastic impact of the spacecraft with the asteroid J(x) = m_f U v. We transcribe this problem as a minimization problem by premultiplying the objective by -1. For the eight dimensional state vector we use the bounds given in the following table.

    State Variable LB UB Units
    x(1) t0 3000 10000 MJD2000
    x(2) T1 14 2000 days
    x(3) T2 14 2000 days
    x(4) T3 14 2000 days
    x(5) T4 14 2000 days
    x(6) T5 100 9000 days
    x(7) T6 366 9000 days
    x(8) T7 300 9000 days

    As constraints we limit the various fly-by pericenters to the values values:

    rp1 > 6351.8 km
    rp2 > 6778.1 km
    rp3 > 6351.8 km
    rp4 > 6778.1 km
    rp5> 600000 km
    rp6 > 70000 km

    We also consider a launcher deltaV of 2.5 km/sec, a specific impulse of Isp=2500s and a spacecraft initial mass of m0=1500 kg.

    Solutions

    The first solution known to this problem (23 Jan, 2008), (credits: T., Vinko and D., Izzo using DiGMO):

    J(x) = - 1,580,599 kg km2/sec2,

    x=[6809.476683160, 169.598512787, 1079.375156244, 56.53776494142, 1044.014046276, 3824.160968179 1042.885114734 3393.057868710].

    The best solution known this problem (date) (credits: M. Schlueter, M. Gerdts, University of Birmingham) found by MIDACO within the project "Non-linear mixed-integer-based Optimisation Technique for Space Applications" co-funded by ESA Networking Partnership Initiative, Astrium Limited (Stevenage, UK) and the School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, UK.

    J(x) = - 1,581,950 kg km2/sec2,

    x=[6810.40521106, 168.37469758, 1079.47409963, 56.38731208, 1044.09288643, 3820.84181773, 1044.32726019, 3397.21349495].

    Note that the arc joining Saturn with the asteroid is forced to be retrograde when solving the relative Lambert problem.

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