The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world.
Find out more about space activities in our 23 Member States, and understand how ESA works together with their national agencies, institutions and organisations.
Exploring our Solar System and unlocking the secrets of the Universe
Go to topicProtecting life and infrastructure on Earth and in orbit
Go to topicUsing space to benefit citizens and meet future challenges on Earth
Go to topicMaking space accessible and developing the technologies for the future
Go to topicThank you for liking
You have already liked this page, you can only like it once!
Click on each circle in the image to learn more about that tipping element.
Climate tipping points are specific thresholds within Earth's complex systems, such as the atmosphere, oceans and ecosystems – where a change in the Earth’s climate can trigger an irreversible shift in the system's state. These points mark areas where transition from one stable climate state to another are already taking place, often leading to cascading effects that impact ecosystems, weather patterns and global climate dynamics.
The pins are coloured according to our central global warming threshold estimate being below 2°C, within the Paris Agreement range (seen as yellow circles), between 2–4°C, accessible with current policies seen as orange circles, and 4°C and above (seen as red circles).