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    ESA > Our Activities > Operations

    Earth observation

    Earth observation missions at ESA

    ESA has been dedicated to observing the Earth from space since the launch of its first meteorological mission, Meteosat, in 1977. The later series of Meteosat satellites plus ERS-1, ERS-2, Envisat and more have provided us with invaluable data about the Earth, its climate and changing environment.

    ESA mission controllers manage some of the most sophisticated Earth observation spacecraft ever built. Proba-1, GOCE and CryoSat-2 are in orbit, while the mission control infrastructure for more vital missions is in development. An additional mission, SMOS, is being operated for ESA by CNES, France's space agency, from Toulouse.

    Current missions
    GOCE in orbit

    GOCE operations 

    GOCE in orbit

    GOCE operations The Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE; pronounced "go-chay") is measuring the Earth's gravity field and model the geoid with extremely high accuracy. It was launched on 17 March 2009. Owing to its sleek shape, G...

    SMOS in orbit

    SMOS operations 

    SMOS in orbit

    SMOS operations ESA's Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission has been designed to observe soil moisture over the Earth's landmasses and salinity over the oceans. Soil moisture data are urgently required for hydrological studies and data on ocean salinity a...

    CryoSat-2

    CryoSat-2 operations 

    CryoSat-2

    CryoSat-2 operations From an altitude of just over 700 km and reaching latitudes of 88°, CryoSat-2 is monitoring precise changes in the thickness of the polar ice sheets and floating sea ice. The observations made over the three-year lifetime of the mission will provide c...

    Future missions
    Aeolus: ESA's wind mission

    ADM-Aeolus 

    Aeolus: ESA's wind mission

    ADM-Aeolus Due for launch at the end of 2013, ADM-Aeolus (or just 'Aeolus'), is the fourth Earth Explorer mission to be developed within ESA's Living Planet Programme. Aeolus will be the first-ever satellite to directly observe wind profiles from space. 

    Artist's impression of Swarm constellation

    Swarm 

    Artist's impression of Swarm constellation

    Swarm The Swarm mission will provide the best-ever survey of the Earth's geomagnetic field and its temporal evolution, in order to gain new insights into the Earth system by improving our understanding of our planet's interior and physical climate.

    GMES

    GMES/Sentinels 

    GMES

    GMES/Sentinels The main objective of the GMES (Global Monitoring for Environment and Security) Programme is to provide data, information, services and knowledge that support Europe's goals regarding sustainable development and global governance of the environment.

    Last update: 8 December 2012

    • Current missions
      • GOCE operations
      • SMOS
        • CryoSat-2 operations
        • Future missions
          • ADM-Aeolus
            • Swarm
              • GMES/Sentinels

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