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    ESA > Our Activities > Operations

    Solar and planetary

    Solar and planetary missions at ESA

    ESA's solar system exploration missions focus on understanding the Earth's relationship with other planets, an essential step for exploring the wider Universe. In the future, our research will shed new light on planets around other stars; today, acquiring detailed knowledge of our own solar system will be invaluable for interpreting these new results.

    Our missions are gathering data to help us understand ultimate questions, such as: How did our Earth and our Solar System evolve? Where are we in the Universe? Where are we going? Where did life come from, and are we alone?

    Artist's impression of Venus Express orbiting Venus

    Venus Express operations 

    Artist's impression of Venus Express orbiting Venus

    Venus Express operations Venus Express is ESA's first spacecraft to voyage to our nearest planet; it was built around the design of Mars Express, making it quicker and cheaper to develop. It is studying the planet's complex dynamics and chemistry, and the interactions between...

    Rosetta

    Rosetta operations 

    Rosetta

    Rosetta operations The international Rosetta mission was approved in November 1993 as the Planetary Cornerstone Mission in ESA's long-term space science programme. The mission goal was initially set for a rendezvous with Comet 46 P/Wirtanen. After postponement of the in...

    Mars Express artist view

    Mars Express operations 

    Mars Express artist view

    Mars Express operations Mars Express - ESA's mission to the Red Planet - was launched in 2003, marking the start of a new era for Europe in planetary exploration. Mars Express also marked the start of a cost-effective and innovative way of organising the teams and technologi...

    Artist's impression of the Cluster constellation

    Cluster II operations 

    Artist's impression of the Cluster constellation

    Cluster II operations The current mission Cluster II is a collection of four spacecraft flying in a tetrahedral configuration, named Samba, Tango, Rumba, and Salsa. The original Cluster Mission and the Solar Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) together comprised the Solar...

    SOHO

    SOHO operations 

    SOHO

    SOHO operations The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) is stationed 1.5 million kilometres away from Earth. There, it constantly watches the Sun, returning spectacular pictures and data of the storms that rage across its surface. SOHO's studies range from the...

    Future missions
    Artist's impression of the Mercury Composite Spacecraft during t

    BepiColombo 

    Artist's impression of the Mercury Composite Spacecraft during t

    BepiColombo BepiColombo – ESA's first mission to Mercury – will be conducted in cooperation with Japan. The mission will consist of two separate spacecraft: ESA is building the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) and the Japanese space agency JAXA will cont...

    Last update: 6 December 2012

    • Current missions
      • Venus Express operations
        • Rosetta operations
          • Mars Express operations
            • Cluster II operations
              • SOHO operations
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                • BepiColombo

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