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    ESA > Our Activities > Space Science > Planck

    Vital stats

    Herschel reflected in Planck mirror

    Planck will offer vastly improved performance in measuring the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation compared to balloon-borne and ground-based experiments and will exceed the performance of any previous space-based instruments of this kind.

    The spacecraft revolves about its Sun-pointing axis once per minute to stabilise its attitude. Planck will use this stabilisation spin to scan the sky, observing at least 95% of it through two separate observation periods in a span of 15 months.



    The Planck spacecraft
    Dimensions 4.20 x 4.22 m (height x width)
    Mass 1.95 tonnes at launch
    Spacecraft Spin stabilised, 1 rpm
    Telescope mirror 1.9 x 1.5 m primary reflector
    Telescope mass 205 kg with focal plane unit
    Lifetime A minimum of 15 months, limited by degradation of cooling system
    Operational orbit Lissajous orbit at an average distance of 400 000 km from L2
    Propulsion Hydrazine, 12 thrusters x 20 N each, 4 thrusters x 1 Newton each
    Solar arrays Flat, fixed triple-junction Gallium-Arsenide cell panels on rear of spacecraft
    Solar array area: 13m2
    Batteries 39 Ah lithium ion batteries
    Communication 3 x low gain antennae
    1 x medium gain antenna

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    • Planck: looking back at the dawn of time
    • Read more
      • Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation
        • Travelling back in time
          • Observations: Seeing in microwave wavelengths
            • So, how did everything start?
            • In depth
            • Planck in depth
            • Planck spacecraft in depth

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