15 APR. 2003
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Quick-look facts about the Red Planet
Diameter: 6794 km (about half the diameter of Earth)
Surface area: 145 million sq km (about the same as Earth’s land area)
Gravity: 3.711 m/s2 (about one third of Earth’s gravity)
Density: 3.93 g/cm3 (Earth: 5.51 g/cm3)
Average distance from the Sun: 227 940 000 km (1.52 times that of Earth)
Martian day (a ‘sol’): 24 hours 37 minutes
Martian year: 669 sols or 687 Earth days
Average temperature: –55ºC (from –133ºC at the winter pole to +27ºC during summer)
Atmosphere: 95.32% carbon dioxide, 2.7% nitrogen, 1.6% argon, 0.13% oxygen
Atmospheric pressure at the surface: 6.35 mbar (less than one hundredth of Earth’s atmospheric pressure)
Moons:
Phobos: 27 x 22 x 18 km; ~6000 km above Mars; Deimos: 15 x 12 x 11 km; ~20 000 km above Mars
Geological time:
Pre-Noachian: (4.5–4.1 billion years ago)
Noachian (4.1–3.7 billion years ago)
Hesperian (3.7–2.9 billion years ago)
Amazonian (2.9 billion years ago to present)
Mediemodal
Mediemodal
Mars Express overview
Mars Express science highlights
Mars Express has provided an unprecedented breadth and depth of information about Mars, from providing the most complete map of the chemical composition of the atmosphere, to tracing the history of water across the globe.
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