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| | Rosetta’s trajectory towards asteroid Steins | |
Rosetta Steins fly-by timeline
2 September 2008
The Rosetta spacecraft control room is buzzing with anticipation as Rosetta closes in on asteroid 2867 Steins. The fly-by timeline includes a series of critical events, culminating with closest approach - expected at 20:58 CEST, 5 September 2008.
At the time of closest approach, Rosetta is planned to be 800 km from the asteroid, passing by at a speed of 8.6 km/s relative to Steins. Both Rosetta and Steins will be illuminated by the Sun, providing an excellent opportunity for science observations.
Between 40 and 20 minutes before closest approach, Rosetta will be flipped and the spacecraft will switch to a specially designed asteroid fly-by mode, an optimal configuration that supports the intensive observation and tracking activity of the on-board instruments.
Although most scientific observations will take place in the few hours around closest approach, several instruments will be switched on for a longer time around the event.
| | | Artist’s impression of Rosetta as it flies by asteroid Steins |
ESA's Cebreros deep space antenna (DSA 2) in Cebreros, Spain, will be used for communications with Rosetta in the two days preceding closest approach. When the spacecraft is not visible from Cebreros or New Norcia, NASA's DSN (Deep Space Network) ground stations at Goldstone, Canberra and Madrid will provide support for tracking and for science operations.
Around closest approach, Rosetta will be 2.41 Astronomical Units, or about 360 million km, from Earth. Radio signals sent to and from the spacecraft will have a 20 minute one-way travel time.
Timeline of nominal fly-by events
Note: All event times are stated in ground time, CEST.
| Time | Event |
| 1 September |
| 02:20 | Instruments switched on (except OSIRIS which was already on for the navigation campaign) |
| 4 September |
| 07:20-11:20 | Slot for possible trajectory correction manoeuvre (36 hours before closest approach) |
| 13:20-18:20 | Last opportunity to acquire images for optical navigation campaign |
| 5 September |
| 07:20-10:20 | Slot for possible trajectory correction manoeuvre (12 hours before closest approach) |
| 10:20 | Navigation cameras switch to tracking mode - initially both used, then use CAM 'A' only (to be decided) |
| 11:00 | Uplink fly-by commands for asteroid fly-by mode (AFM)
Includes an update to the command profile already on board & the final updated AFM commands (only if 1 CAM at least is tracking) |
| 20:18-20:38 | Spacecraft flip over |
| 20:39 | Spacecraft switches automatically to asteroid fly-by mode |
| 20:56 | Sun illuminates Rosetta from the back and the asteroid fully |
| 20:58 | Closest approach, at a planned distance of 800 km from the asteroid |
| 22:27 | First post-fly-by acquisition of signal (AOS) - telemetry received via NASA's Goldstone ground station |
| 22:30 | Start of science data download via Goldstone |
| 6 September |
| 12:00 | Live streaming of Rosetta Steins fly-by press conference from the European Space Operations Centre begins |
| 13:00 | Images from fly-by published on ESA web |
| 15:00 | End of press conference streaming |
| 16:01 | End of reception of first set of science data |
Editor's note
An expanded version of the timeline appears in the Rosetta blog.
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| | Rosetta Blog ESA's comet chaser Where is Rosetta now?  Related articles Rosetta spacecraft meets asteroid SteinsRosetta starts tracking asteroid SteinsIntense preparations for Rosetta's asteroid visitRosetta awakes from hibernation for asteroid encounterThe Moon and Europe - Rosetta OSIRIS imagesRosetta: OSIRIS’ view of Earth by nightRead more OSIRIS (Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System)Debris of the Solar System: AsteroidsAsteroids: The discovery of asteroidsAsteroids: Families of asteroidsAsteroids: Structure and composition of asteroidsRelated links Rosetta in depthRosetta to meet asteroid Steins - press invitation
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