Assessment of electric propulsion systems for exploration missions: comparison between solar and nuclear electric propulsion

In order to address these points, and begin to prepare for future missions by providing for their propulsive needs, it is necessary to trade-off the different possible propulsion systems over different possible mission scenarios. On top of the chemical propulsion systems currently well known today, there exist two particular advanced propulsion concepts; solar electric propulsion (SEP) which employs the Sun’s energy to power an electric propulsion system (as demonstrated on SMART-1), and nuclear electric propulsion (NEP) which uses the energy provided by a nuclear power source to enable electric propulsion.

The main objectives of this study are to define a clear trade-off between SEP and NEP systems for both robotic and crewed exploration missions, to consider in detail the system and technology aspects of NEP and SEP systems, and to provide final recommendations focused on creating a roadmap for each technology in order to have these systems ready in time for possible implementation in the Exploration Programme.

Given the international interest in addressing this issue of medium-long term propulsion concepts, and the likelihood that such large scale missions would be carried out through international cooperation, it is important that Europe gains an understanding of the main trade-offs and factors from the outset.

Executive Summary

Download the Executive Summary (PDF file - 781 KB) »»