Radiation exposure and mission strategies for interplanetary manned missions

Shielding provides a way to prevent astronauts from being exposed to the harsh radiation environment of space. Beyond that, radiation doses can be mitigated by parallel methods such as accurate knowledge of transfer trajectories, definition of an acceptable effects dose threshold and space weather monitoring and warning systems.

In order to meet these goals, the various work elements conducted in this activity will closely interact with each other. First, radiation sources will be assessed in order to focus the studies on the worst case radiation scenario (i.e. higher cosmic ray and solar particle events dose). Then, transfer trajectories which minimise interplanetary radiation will be identified. The maximum radiation dose threshold, which an elder crew-member can be submitted to, is to be refined.

From this point, consistent and detailed space vehicle and habitat concepts will be defined. Many designs will be considered such as water tank structures, inflatable concepts, active magnetic shields, subsurface habitats etc. All of these inputs will be implemented and tested within a simulation campaign to evaluate the crew radiation exposure.

Combining this technology activity with all space radiation related activities will provide Europe with a strong background to perform further studies and focus on a safe and sustainable design. Also it should be noted that planetary robotic missions will greatly benefit from these studies to check the impact of radiation on electronic components.

Executive Summary

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